Zoonotic diseases fact sheet di s e a s e p a th o g e n ge n u s p e s ho s t g e t ra n s m i s s i on s y m p to ms i b a t io n f c t re a e n t p ho o arboviral infections virus multiple species. Lassa fever is caused by a singlestranded zoonotic rna virus of the arenaviridae family. Arenavirus infections the rodent hosts of arenavirus species are chronically infected with virus. The genus arenavirus includes 22 viral species and 9 additional arenaviruses that have been recently discovered, for which taxonomic status remains pending. In response, the practice of variolation was developed. The arenaviridae are a family of viruses whose members are generally associated with. Lassa fever in humans is variable in its presentation, making it difficult to. Aseptic meningitis, a severe human disease that causes inflammation covering the brain and spinal cord, can arise from the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lcmv infection. Orthobunyavirus, phlebovirus, nairovirus, hantavirus, and tospovirus tospoviruses infect only plants. Lcm virus is the only arenavirus to exist in both areas but is classified as an old world virus. Each virus usually is associated with a particular rodent host species in which it is maintained. There are currently 26 species in this genus including the type species potato leafroll virus.
Klasifikasi virus klasifikasi virus rna famili picomaviridae calciviridae reoviridae togaviridae flaviviridae arenaviridae coronaviridae bunyaviridae orthomyxoviridae paramyxoviridae rhabdoviridae retroviridae. Depending on your window size, the screenshot button may appear different. Recognizing that survivors of smallpox outbreaks were protected from subsequent infection, variolation involved inhalation of the dried crusts from smallpox lesions like snuff, or in later modifications, inoculation of the pus from a lesion into a scratch on the. Click create pdf xps document, then click create pdf xps. Although this is significantly larger than other viruses in its baltimore group, it is still a very simple virus and is heavily reliant on the host cell for survival and replication.
New world arenavirus guanarito virus summary nndss. Most people infected with lassa fever have a mild or subclinical presentation 80%. Viruses can store their genetic information in six different types of nucleic acid which are named based on how that nucleic acid eventually becomes. Oct 05, 2015 the new world arenaviruses are further divided into 3 lineages designated clades. The ictv report is a freely available, online resource, that updates and replaces previous ictv reports that had been available as printed books. Adenoviruses members of the family adenoviridae are mediumsized 90100 nm, nonenveloped without an outer lipid bilayer viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double stranded dna genome. Many of those infected by the virus do not develop symptoms. Arenaviruses have spherical, enveloped virions virus particles that are 110 nm 1 nm 10. Current and historical conditions indexed list of current and historical nationally notifiable conditions. General facts viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the arenavirus lassa transmitted from rodents to humans discovered in nigeria, 1969 endemic in portions of west africa seasonal clustering. Viral specificity refers to the specific kinds of cells a virus can infect. Most infections are transmitted among adult rodents, likely via. Ppt version pdf version sherif salah a novel approach to inhibit human immune deficiency virus hiv1 infection by actively neutralizing the antibodies of reverse transcriptase system.
Chapare hemorrhagic fever chhf is caused by chapare virus, a singlestrand rna virus of the arenaviridae family. Save powerpoint presentations as pdf files office support. Some arenavirus types appear to be passed from mother rodents to their offspring during pregnancy, and thus remain in the rodent population generation after generation. Arboviruses belong to a different genus than arenavirus. Lassa fever is an animalborne, or zoonotic, acute viral illness. Plrv causes prominent rolling of the leaves of potato and a stiff upright habit of the plants. Thediseases derived from arenaviruses range in severity.
This eight edition textbook of medical microbiology is written for a thorough, clinically relevant understanding of microbes and their diseases. This succinct, easy to use text presents the fundamentals of microbiology and immunology in a. Lassa virus, the causative agent of lassa fever, is a member of the family arenaviridae. Covers the latest advances in embryology, including normal and abnormal embryogenesis, causes of birth defects, and the role of genes in human development. Pathogenesis begins with initial replication at the site of infection and aerosol deposition in the lungs. Most infections are transmitted among adult rodents, likely via fighting and inflicting bites. Arenavirus, any virus belonging to the family arenaviridae. Arenavirus arenavirus is a genus of virus that infects rodents and occasionally humans. Arenavirus infections are relatively common in humans in some areas. The limited clinical information about chhf comes from a small, poorly described cluster of hemorrhagic fever cases in. Arenaviruses are pleomorphic enveloped particles that contain two rna segments of virus origin and ribosomelike components. The starting point for the current report also previously referred to as the online, 10th report is the ictv 9th report, published in 2011. Suitable conditions for transmission of virus to humans occur in areas where humans come in.
The following are the major viruses and the other recognized arenaviridae listed in relationship to their rodent reservoirs. Mansons tropical infectious diseases twentythird edition, 2014. The hallmark of arenaviruses is their tendency to cause persistent silent infections in their natural hosts rodents and severe, often lethal, disseminated disease in humans. An arenavirus is a bisegmented ambisense rna virus that is a member of the family arenaviridae. None of the viral proteins are known to be glycosylated. From microbewiki, the studentedited microbiology resource. When you save presentation as a pdf file it freezes the formatting and layout. Arenavirus infections are relatively common in humans in some areas of the world and can cause severe illnesses.
The family reoviridae is one of the most complex in all of virology, currently comprising 15 recognized genera within two subfamilies of viruses with genomes composed of multiple 1012 segments of doublestranded rna dsrna fig. List of airborne pathogens, including allergenic, toxigenic, and suspected respiratory and nonrespiratory pathogens airborne pathogen group disease status source dia microns. In the publish as pdf or xps dialog box, choose a location to save the file to. The arenaviridae are a family of viruses whose members are generally associated with rodenttransmitted diseases in humans.
Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. The name of the family is derived from the latin arenosus, meaning sandy, which describes the grainy appearance of arenavirus ribosomes proteinsynthesizing particles. The virions of this family are spherical to pleomorphic, are of 50300 nm in diameter, with a dense lipid envelope, and have a surface layer covered by clubshaped projections, of 810 nm in length. Ppt acute transverse myelitis powerpoint presentation. Arenaviridae definition of arenaviridae by medical dictionary. Your pdf file should be the first thumbnail image in the available windows list. The arenaviridae family consists of a unique genus, arenavirus, comprising at least 23 recognized species 1. The viruses are carried in asymptomatic animal reservoirs, typically rodents.
Introduction to biomedical engineering third edition 16mb pdf if you found this book helpful then please like, subscribe and share. This medical microbiology, 8th edition is edited by murray, rosenthal and pfaller. High yield surgery pdf if you found this book helpful then please like, subscribe and share. First described in 1969, infection occurs in west africa and is named after the town in nigeria where the first cases were observed. The arbovirus genus consists of 400 members including alphavirus, flavivirus, phlebovirus, and includes families such as togaviruses, bunyaviruses, and reoviruses. At least eight arenaviruses are known to cause human disease. The multimammate mouse mastomys natalensis is the only known nonhuman host for lassa virus monath et al. Polerovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family luteoviridae. Emerging and reemerging viral infectious diseases joseph becker, md michele barry, md facp yale university school of medicine january, 2009 prepared as part of an education project of the. Lassa fever, also known as lassa hemorrhagic fever lhf, is a type of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the lassa virus. Arenavirus the arenaviridae are a family of viruses whose members are generally associated with rodenttransmitted diseases in humans. Below is a table showing some of the important human pathogens that belong to the arenaviridae family, the hosts they infect and the symptoms.
Arenaviridae definition of arenaviridae by the free dictionary. It is endemic in parts of west africa including sierra leone, liberia, guinea and nigeria. In humans, arenavirus infections could result in severe illness and death. Machupo virus macv from the clade b of new world arenaviruses in the arenaviridae family is the etiologic agent of bolivian hemorrhagic fever bhf 1. Subgroup lcmlasv complex old world arenaviruses subgroup tacaribe complex new world arenaviruses host. Less commonly there may be bleeding from the mouth or gastrointestinal tract. The adenovirus genome is linear, nonsegmented doublestranded ds dna that is between 26 and 48 kbp. Insert pdf file content into a powerpoint presentation. Although not the cause of the outbreak, lcmv was found to be a cause of aseptic nonbacterial meningitis. Pdf converter is a online webbased document to pdf converter software. The who definition is as follows viruses maintained in nature principally, or to an important extent, through biological transmission between susceptible vertebrate hosts by haematophagus arthropods or through transovarian and possibly venereal transmission in.
To help put all this in perspective look at the disease column and the dia microns column. The family arenaviridae contains two genera, namely mammarenavirus with 27 virus. The multimammate rat of the genus mastomys is a common village rodent and is a host for the virus. Details how discoveries in molecular biology have affected clinical practice, including the development of sophisticated new techniques such as recumbent dna technology and stem cell. The molecular pathogenesis of arenavirus infections pdf. Ixodid hard ticks are both a reservoir and a vector for the cchf virus. Pyomyositis is a primary infection of the skeletal muscle usually caused by staphylococcus aureus. Arenavirus associated vhfs are zoonotic diseases, with humans acting as accidental hosts. A class of novel, highly divergent arenaviruses, properly known as reptarenaviruses, have also been discovered which infect snakes to produce inclusion body disease.
Arenavirus infections begin with onset of fever and myalgia, followed by neurologic syndromes and cell abnormalities. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis lcmv, lymphocytic choriomeningitis lcm, mus domesticus. Virions contain two segments of rna l and s linear negativesense single stranded rna. Ppt chapter 25 clinical virology powerpoint presentation. Arenaviruses are singlestranded ribonucleic acid rna viruses that cause chronic infections in rodents and zoonotically acquired disease in humans through rodent excreta, especially urine. Oxford handbook of clinical medicine 10th edition pdf. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. This chapter focuses on arenaviridae family whose sole member genus is arenavirus. Arenaviridae definition of arenaviridae by medical. Parvoviruses usually possess two major gene cassettes figure 2. This chapter focuses on the arenaviridae that contains a single genus, arenavirus. Apr 05, 2014 your slideshare on virus taxonomy is quite usefuleducative, but the ictv part that classified viruses in 2012 needs to be updated as we are now in 2020. In systemic virus infections, such as the arenavirus hemorrhagic fevers, pathologic and histopathologic examinations often contribute to the initial understanding of the nature of the disease, but definition of pathogenic mechanisms requires the addition of complementary techniques and experimental approaches usually in animal models. These highly infectious viruses lead to a potentially lethal disease syndrome characterized by fever, malaise, vomiting, mucosal and gastrointestinal gi bleeding, edema, and hypotension.
The bunyaviridae are a very large family of singlestrand, enveloped rna viruses more than 300 viruses and consists of five genera of viruses. Individual viruses within the family infect a remarkable variety of hosts, including mammals, birds. Arenaviridae a family of arborviruses carried by arthropods arborvirus, arbovirus a large heterogeneous group of rna viruses divisible into. International committee on taxonomy of viruses ictv. The arenaviridae generally have been considered negativesense rna. Sep 25, 2019 regarding the naming of enzymes involved in the replication of viral nucleic acid, state what the dependent part of the name refers to and what the polymerase part of the name refers to. Arenaviridae definition of arenaviridae by the free. Pathology and pathogenesis of arenavirus infections. Chapare virus is certainly zoonotic, or animalborne. Since tacaribe virus was found in 1956, new arenaviruses have been discovered on the average of every one to three years. Arthropodborne viruses arboviruses are viruses that can be transmitted to man by arthropod vectors. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Lassa and lujo viruses are members of the arenaviridae family, which derives its name from the latin arenosus for sandy, referring to the grainy appearance of internal electrondense particles seen on electron microscopy. Virus pathogen database and analysis resource vipr. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Mar 16, 2017 viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of febrile illnesses caused by rna viruses from several viral families. Crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever is found in eastern europe, particularly in the former soviet union, throughout the mediterranean, in northwestern china, central asia, southern europe, africa, the middle east, and the indian subcontinent. Nonhuman primates can be experimentally infected, but there is no evidence that these viruses are pathogenic in livestock, cats or dogs. All types of vhf are characterized by fever and bleeding disorders and all can progress to high fever. Arenavirus is a genus of virus that infects rodents and occasionally humans. History virology smallpox was endemic in china by bc. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. That is, viruses infect specific cells or tissues of specific hosts, or specific bacteria, or specific plants. Convert and create pdf from various types of files like word doc, excel xls, powerpoint ppt. Arenaviridae are spread to humans by rodent contact and include lassa virus in africa and several rare south american hemorrhagic fevers such as machupo, junin, guanarito, and sabia. The rodent hosts of arenavirus species are chronically infected with virus.
Below is a table showing some of the important human pathogens that belong to the arenaviridae family, the hosts they. It is regulated by the specificities of attachment, penetration and replication of the virus receptors properties of viruses. This this infectious disease is endemic in tropical areas, and sporadic in temperate climates where it. Pdf medical microbiology 8th edition ebook free fbfa. The arenaviridae family is a large and genetically diverse group of over 30 viruses broadly divided into two major complexes or serogroups based on serological crossreactions, genetic, and geographic relationships, namely the new world nw or tacaribe complex and the old world ow or lassalymphocytic choriomeningitis complex. Lassa antibody and antigen were found in 96 11% and 46 5%, respectively, of 884 tested mastomys demby et al. Arenaviridae infections definition of arenaviridae. Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses in which fever and hemorrhage are caused by a viral infection. Demam berdarh virus arenaviridae demam lassa, junin dan machupo. Their name derives from their initial isolation from human adenoids in 1953 they have a broad range of vertebrate hosts.
Arenaviridae lassa fever and new world hemorrhagic fever. Dec 21, 2018 the first arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lcmv, was isolated in 1933. Sequence analysis reveals that the arenaviridae, the filoviridae and the. The virions are 50300 nm average 100 nm in diameter, enveloped, ethersensitive, and contain two singlestranded rna. The first arenavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus lcmv, was isolated in 1933 during a study of an epidemic of st. Neuroendocrinology of stress pdf if you found this book helpful then please like, subscribe and share. These viruses infect rodents and occasionally humans. In powerpoint, select the slide that you want to add the content to, and then, on the insert tab, in the images group, click screenshot.
Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Vhfs may be caused by five distinct families of rna viruses. Introduction to biomedical engineering third edition pdf. Arenaviridae synonyms, arenaviridae pronunciation, arenaviridae translation, english dictionary definition of arenaviridae. By the 1960s, several similar viruses had been discovered and they were classified into the new family arenaviridae. When symptoms occur they typically include fever, weakness, headaches, vomiting, and muscle pains. The rep orf encodes the nonstructural proteins ns, which are required for transcription and dna replication, and the cp orf. Neighboring countries are also at risk, as the animal vector for lassa virus, the multimammate rat mastomys natalensis is distributed throughout the region. This allows the virus to theoretically carry 22 to 40 genes. People can view the slides even if they dont have powerpoint, but they cant make changes to it. Ppt lassa fever powerpoint presentation free to view. The following is a partial list of airborne pathogens. Togaviridae, flaviviridae, bunyaviridae, arenaviridae ticks, insects, infected animals deer, birds, rodents, etc.
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